Creole mythologies of the Caribbean and diasporas
25 spirits documented in the Kunda Codex
From Guadeloupe to Cuba, from Jamaica to Brazil, the African diasporas recreated their spiritual worlds in the crucible of the plantations. Yoruba, Kongo and Fon memories fused with creole life to create santería, candomblé, quimbanda, kumina and the rich bestiary of the French Antilles: the night-flying soukounyan, the dorlis, Manman Dlo. The entries below document them with sources.
SpiritallyBARON SAMDI
Death, sex, laughter
Diaspora (Haïti) — Haïti
Spirit of the Dead
WaterallyERZULIE FREDA
Love, beauty, luxury
Diaspora (Haïti) — Haïti
Spirit of the Waters
SpiritallyERZULIE DANTOR
Maternal protection, wrath
Diaspora (Haïti) — Haïti
Protective Spirit
SpiritallyAYIDA-WEDDO
Rainbow, fertility / Ayida Wedo
Diaspora (Haïti) — Haïti / Dahomey
Creator Spirit
WaterallyAGWÉ
Sea, navigation
Diaspora (Haïti) — Haïti
Spirit of the Waters
WaterallyLA SIRÈNE
Waters, seduction, wealth
Diaspora (Haïti) — Haïti
Spirit of the Waters
SpiritallyELEGUÁ
Crossroads, luck
Diaspora (Cuba) — Cuba
Trickster Spirit
SpiritallyBABALÚ-AYÉ
Disease, healing / Obaluayê
Santería / Candomblé — Cuba
Healing Spirit
WaterallyIBEJI
Twins, joy, protection
Diaspora (Cuba) — Cuba / Nigéria
Spirit of the Waters
SpiritallyINLE
Medicine, fish
Diaspora (Cuba) — Cuba
Healing Spirit
SpiritallySOUCOUYANT
Female vampire / Soucougnan
Diaspora (Caraïbes) — Trinidad / Grenade
Ancestral Spirit
SpiritallyLUSCA
Sea monster
Diaspora (Caraïbes) — Bahamas
Ancestral Spirit
SpiritallyLA DIABLESSE
Seduction, deceit
Diaspora (Caraïbes) — Antilles francophones
Spirit of Love
SpiritallyPAPA BOIS
Forest, nature
Diaspora (Caraïbes) — Trinidad / Grenade
Spirit of the Forest
SpiritallyLAGAHOO
Shapeshifting, werewolf
Diaspora (Caraïbes) — Trinidad / Tobago
Shapeshifting Spirit
SoulallyDUPPY
Ghost, wandering spirit
Diaspora (Caraïbes) — Jamaïque / Barbade
Ancestral Spirit
FireallyMAMAN BRIGITTE
Purifying fire, justice, protection of graves
Vaudou (Haïti / Caraïbes) — Haïti / Caraïbes
Spirit of Fire
WaterallyOGUM BEIRA-MAR
Sea, war, navigation
Candomblé (Brésil) — Brésil
Spirit of the Waters
WaterallyYEMANJÁ (YEMAYÁ)
Mother of the seas, motherhood, protection
Candomblé / Santería / Yoruba — Brésil / Cuba
Spirit of the Waters
AirneutralEXU (ELEGGUÁ)
Doors, cunning, messages, beginnings
Candomblé / Santería / Yoruba — Brésil / Cuba
Spirit of the Air
SoulneutralGUÉDÉ NIBO
Death, youth, exuberance, spirit of the young dead
Vaudou (Haïti) — Haïti
Spirit of the Dead
FireallyOGOUN FERAY
War, iron, resistance, courage
Vaudou (Haïti) / Yoruba — Haïti / Yoruba
Warrior Spirit
FireneutralPOMBAGIRA
Seduction, vengeance, freedom, femininity
Quimbanda (Brésil) — Brésil
Spirit of Fire
SoulallyESPRIT KUMINA
Trance, music, possession, healing
Kumina (Jamaïque) — Jamaïque (cults maroons)
Healing Spirit
SpiritallyNGANGA
Hero
Afrique/Diaspora — Afrique/Diaspora
Hero Spirit